The Role of “Reduction” and “Removal” Projects in the Voluntary Carbon Market: An Economic Analysis

This report originally appeared on trove-research.com. MSCI acquired Trove Research — now known as MSCI Carbon Markets — in November 2023.

This report assesses the costs and benefits of reduction and removal projects, using detailed carbon project cost models developed by Trove Research. We conclude that the emphasis in the short term needs to be on reducing emissions to avert dangerous climate change and that there are significant cost and scale advantages to reduction projects. However, removal projects also need scaling and can play a useful role.